包皮环切术是世界上最古老的计划外科手术,由解剖学家和超扩散主义历史学家格拉夫顿·艾略特·史密斯(Grafton Elliot Smith)提出,已有超过15000年的历史记录。关于它是如何在全世界实践的,尚无法达成共识。一种理论认为它始于一个地理区域并从那里传播开来;另一个是几个不同的文化群体独立开始实践。医生彼得·查尔斯·雷蒙德诺(Peter Charles Remondino)在其1891年的“割礼史”(The History of Circumcision)中表示,它开始是一种不那么严重的阉割被捕敌人的形式:切除术或阉割可能是致命的,而某种形式的割礼会永久性地标记被击败的人,但让他活着作为奴隶。[22] [85]
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