Hayflick在他的“How and Why We Age”一书中说,卡路里限制可能对人类无效,引用了巴尔的摩老年人纵向研究的数据,该数据表明,瘦身不利于长寿。[需要引用验证] [123]同样有时人们声称,晚年适度肥胖可以提高生存率,但是较新的研究已经发现了混杂的因素,如终末期疾病导致的体重减轻。一旦考虑了这些因素,65岁以上的最佳体重对应于较瘦的体重指数23至27。[124]
癌症遗传学家Ronald A. DePinho和他的同事发表了对小鼠的研究,其中端粒酶活性首先被遗传去除。然后,在小鼠过早衰老后,它们通过重新激活端粒酶基因来恢复端粒酶活性。结果,小鼠恢复了活力:萎缩的睾丸恢复正常,动物恢复了生育能力。其他器官,如脾脏,肝脏,肠道和大脑,从其退化状态恢复。 “[这一发现]提供了这样一种可能性:通过在已停止工作的细胞中重新唤醒酶,可以减缓正常的人类衰老”,Ronald DePinho说。然而,激活人类端粒酶可能会促进肿瘤的生长。[157]
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