治疗
治疗不安腿综合征包括在可能的情况下确定症状的原因。治疗过程旨在减轻症状,包括减少RLS症状的夜晚数,RLS症状的严重程度和夜间觉醒。提高生活质量是治疗的另一个目标。这意味着改善整体生活质量,减少白天嗜睡,并改善睡眠质量。药物治疗涉及多巴胺激动剂或加巴喷丁恩卡巴尔作为日常不宁腿综合征的一线药物,以及用于治疗耐药病例的阿片类药物。 RLS药物治疗无法治愈,并且具有恶心,头晕,幻觉,直立性低血压或白天睡眠发作等副作用。 Mayo Clinic研究人员创建的算法为治疗医师和患者提供指导,包括非药物和药物治疗。
历史
第一个已知的RLS医学描述是由Thomas Willis爵士于1672年提出的.Willis强调了RLS患者的睡眠中断和肢体运动。最初发表于拉丁语(De Anima Brutorum,1672),但后来翻译成英语(The London Practice of Physick,1685),Willis写道:
随后,出版了RLS的其他描述,包括Francois Boissier de Sauvages(1763),Magnus Huss(1849),Theodur Wittmaack(1861),George Miller Beard(1880),Georges Gilles de la Tourette(1898),Hermann Oppenheim。 (1923)和Frederick Gerard Allison(1943)。然而,直到1945年威利斯之后近三个世纪,Karl-Axel Ekbom(1907-1977)在他的博士论文“不安腿”:迄今为止被忽视的疾病的临床研究中提供了详细而全面的报告。[ 86] Ekbom创造了“不安腿”一词,并在整个职业生涯中继续研究这种疾病。他描述了基本的诊断症状,其他疾病的鉴别诊断,患病率,与贫血的关系,以及怀孕期间的常见情况。
20世纪80年代,Arthur S. Walters和Wayne A. Hening重新发现了Ekbom的作品。随后的里程碑式出版物包括1995年和2003年的论文,其中修订和更新了诊断标准。帕金森症和RLS期刊是第一个同行评审的在线开放获取期刊,致力于出版有关帕金森病的研究,由加拿大神经学家Abdul Qayyum Rana博士创立。
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