一些骨骼和心脏疾病可导致ALP和转氨酶的增加,因此区分这些与肝脏问题的第一步是比较GGT的水平,GGT仅在肝脏特异性条件下升高。第二步是区分胆道(胆汁淤积)或肝脏(肝脏)引起的黄疸和实验室检查结果的改变。前者通常表示手术反应,而后者通常倾向于医疗反应。 ALP和GGT水平通常以一种模式上升,而天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)和丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)以单独的模式上升。如果ALP(10-45 IU / L)和GGT(18-85)水平按比例上升至AST(12-38 IU / L)和ALT(10-45 IU / L)水平,则表明胆汁淤积问题。另一方面,如果AST和ALT升高显着高于ALP和GGT升高,则表明肝脏问题。最后,区分肝脏黄疸的原因,比较AST和ALT的水平可以证明是有用的。 AST水平通常高于ALT。除肝炎(病毒性或肝毒性)外,大多数肝脏疾病仍然存在这种情况。酒精性肝损伤可能会看到相当正常的ALT水平,AST比ALT高10倍。另一方面,如果ALT高于AST,则表明肝炎。 ALT和AST的水平与肝损伤的程度没有很好的相关性,尽管这些水平从非常高的水平迅速下降可以表明严重的坏死。低水平的白蛋白倾向于表明慢性病,而肝炎和胆汁淤积则正常。
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