医学文献中对疾病的第一次描述出现在1553年由西西里解剖学家和医生Giovanni Filippo Ingrassia撰写的De Tumoribus praeter Naturam一书中,他将其称为rossalia。他还指出,这一陈述与麻疹有不同的特点。[42] Johann Weyer在1564年至1565年间在德国下游发生流行病时对其进行了重新描述;他称之为scalatina anginosa。第一个明确的猩红热描述出现在Poitiers的Joannes Coyttarus,Defebre purpura epidemiale et contagiosa libri duo的一本书中,该书于1578年在巴黎出版。威滕伯格的Daniel Sennert在1572年描述了经典的“瘢痕疙瘩脱屑”,也是第一个描述早期关节炎,瘢痕疙瘩和与该疾病相关的腹水的人。
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Gladys Henry Dick(如图)和George Frederick Dick于1924年开发了一种用于猩红热的抗毒素和疫苗,后来在20世纪40年代被青霉素所取代。
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