长期记忆
记忆通常分为感觉,短期和长期过程。[14]根据Rasmuseen&Berntsen的说法,2009年,“长期记忆过程可能构成自发思想的核心”。[13]因此,与闪回最相关的存储过程是长期记忆。同样,Rasmuseen&Berntsen在2009年的研究表明,长期记忆也容易受到外部因素的影响,如新近效应,唤醒和排练,因为它与可及性有关。[13]与自愿记忆相比,非自愿记忆显示较短的检索时间和较少的认知努力。最后,由于自动处理而产生非自愿记忆,其不依赖于高阶认知监控或执行控制处理。自愿记忆通常与上下文信息相关联,这允许时间和地点之间的对应关系,这不是闪回的真实情况。根据Brewin,Lanius et al,2009,闪回,与上下文信息断开连接,因此与时间和地点脱节。[15]
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