历史
“大约七八十年前,一位名叫史密斯的女人定居在新罕布什尔州的普利茅斯附近,并向她的后代传达了以下特质。她观察到,她的家人不幸受其影响,而且不仅是关心的源头,而且往往是死亡的原因。如果在他们中的一些人的皮肤上产生最小的划痕,那么最终会出现最大的伤口,就像最后的伤口一样。(...)所以这个家庭的成员确信伤口最少的可怕后果,他们不会因任何考虑而流失,因为无法阻止这次行动所造成的解雇而失去了关系。“
John C. Otto,1803 [36]
科学发现
描述这种疾病的第一位医疗专业人士是Abulcasis。在十世纪,他描述了一些家庭,这些家庭的男性仅在轻微的创伤后死于出血。[37]虽然在历史著作中出现了许多其他这种描述性和实用性的疾病参考,但直到十九世纪初才开始进行科学分析。
1803年,费城医生约翰·康拉德·奥托(John Conrad Otto)写了一篇关于“某些家庭中存在的出血性倾向”的书,其中他称受影响的男性为“流血者”。[38]他认识到这种疾病是遗传性的,它主要影响男性,并被健康的女性传下来。他的论文是描述X连锁遗传疾病重要特征的第二篇论文(第一篇论文是约翰道尔顿研究自己家庭的色盲描述)。 1720年,奥托能够将这种疾病追溯到一位在新罕布什尔州普利茅斯附近定居的女性。直到1813年John F. Hay在The New上发表了一个帐户时,直到1813年,影响男性才能将这种特性传递给未受影响的女儿的想法才得以描述。英格兰医学杂志。[39] [40]
另见
Coagulopathy
Purpura secondary to clotting disorders
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