最近的工作由Steier的团队进行,研究了OSA上呼吸道电刺激方面的现有证据[62]。主要由随机对照试验和临床研究组成,他们的综述已经认为这种技术对选定的患者有用,即那些耐受CPAP不良,效果良好的患者。存在各种装置,但是首先在人类上开发和试验的装置是Inspire装置(Inspire Medical Systems TM,Maple Grove,MN,USA)。该系统(在全身麻醉下植入)由植入式脉冲发生器,刺激电极和与胸膜接触的呼吸压力传感器组成,以检测呼吸努力,呼气结束阶段在吸气开始时触发脉冲发生器。正如前面简要提到的,尽管早期结果很有希望,但八名患者中有五名患者的设备故障和电极损坏意味着该设备的使用仅限于该研究[61]。这导致人们开始关注改进技术,创建了许多新的系统和设备,研究显示了有希望的结果[62]。
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