PE风险因素包括肥胖,固定,使用香烟,癌症,手术,创伤,怀孕,口服避孕药或激素替代疗法,以及PE或已知的高凝血障碍的既往病史。然而,30%的PE患者没有可检测到的诱发因素,如真实世界登记处(EMPEROR),国际合作肺栓塞登记处(ICOPER)和Registro Informatizado de EnfermedadTromboEmbólica(RIETE)登记处的急诊医学肺栓塞所示,PE患者的平均年龄为56至66岁,老年人和女性患有轻度患病率.11),12),13),14)PE的临床表现从无症状的小肺栓塞到低死亡率大量PE导致右心室(RV)失败,伴有休克和/或死亡.15)
AF =心房颤动; BBDX = Blocco di Branca Destra; DVT =深静脉血栓形成;心电图=心电图; EMPEROR =真实世界登记处的急诊医学肺栓塞; ICOPER =国际合作肺栓塞登记处; PA =肺动脉; PE =肺栓塞; RIETE = Registro Informatizado de EnfermedadTromboEmbólica; St =稳定的患者; U =不稳定的患者。
AF =心房颤动; BBDX = Blocco di Branca Destra; DVT =深静脉血栓形成; PA =肺动脉; PE =肺栓塞; RV =右心室。
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