Bruno da Longobucco(约1200 Longo-bucco-Padua 1286),在他的“Chirurgia Magna”(12,53)中说:“睾丸的皮肤可能会松弛并垂下来,因此可怕地切割皮肤并团结起来伤口的嘴唇用缝线“。由于他对希腊,拉丁和阿拉伯医学的广泛了解,Bruno da Longobucco被认为是他那个时代最伟大的外科医生之一。他是Crotone Democedes,Locri的Philistion,Albucasis和其他许多人的外科手术的追随者,他们的技术和教学文本保存在Basilian和Benedictine修道院(14-16)。在随后的几个世纪中,中世纪手术对精索静脉曲张的治疗没有太大贡献。相反,它只是遵循了前任当局概述的原则。
Albert Narath博士(1864-1924),乌得勒支外科教授,然后是海德堡(1906-1910),具有广泛的外科手术兴趣,包括精索静脉曲张的治疗。 1900年,他描述了第一个真正腹股沟入路精索静脉的方法。使用Bassini手术“在腹股沟管内切除静脉精囊内侧主干”的想法来自于在疝气修复期间对腹股沟管内的“venec-tasia”的认识。 Narath于1898年首次执行此程序。两年后,Narath得出结论:“这些腹股沟切口无疑优于旧的阴囊切口”。这项手术是第一次将焦点从阴囊转移到腹股沟区域(29)。
William Selby Tulloch(1913-1988)是第一位修复精索静脉曲张治疗不孕症的外科医生。他的初步报告描述了一名患有双侧精索静脉曲张和睾丸活检证实的成熟停止的不育男性。该患者能够在精索静脉曲张修复后获得精子浓度增加并引起自然怀孕。 Tulloch使用Robb手术,该手术靠近腹股沟内环5厘米处的精索静脉。在这个部位,他感觉扩张的静脉数量较少,可以避免睾丸的动脉血供(39,40)。
参考:
The history of varicocele: from antiquity to the modern ERA
1. Saber A. Ancient Egyptian surgical heritage. J Invest Surg. 2010;23:327–334. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
2. Shokeir AA, Hussein MI. The urology of Pharaonic Egypt. BJU Int. 1999;84:755–761. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
3. Bonafini B, Pozzilli P. Scrotal asymmetry, varicocoele and the Riace Bronzes. Int J Androl. 2012;35:181–182. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
4. Hotchkiss RS. Infertility in the male. In: Campbell MF, Harrison JH, editors. Urology. Saunders; Philadelphia, USA: 1970. pp. 674–674. [Google Scholar]
5. Aulus Cornelius Celsus über die arzneiwissenschaft in achtbüchern; übersetzt und erklärt von Eduard Scheller. Braunschweig, F. Vieweg und sohn; 1906. [Google Scholar]
6. Köckerling F, Köckerling D, Lomas C. Cornelius Celsus-ancient encyclopedist, surgeon-scientist, or master of surgery? Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2013;398:609–616. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
7. Androutsos G. Urology in the work De re medica of Aulus-Cornelius Celsus (1stc. A.D.) Prog Urol. 2005;15:344–352. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
8. Glezerman M. A Short Historical Review and Comparative Results of Surgical Treatment for Varicocele. In: Glezerman M, Jecht E.W, editors. Varicocele and Male Infertility II. Springer; Berlin, Heidelberg: 1984. pp. 87–93. [Google Scholar]
9. Dumas A. The History of Anaesthesia. J Natl Med Assoc. 1932;24:6–9. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
10. Anestesia e suture. La Medicina romana. L'arte d'Esculapio nell'antica Roma. Giuseppe Penso; Ciba. Geigy Edizioni: 1985. pp. 458–459. [Google Scholar]
11. Bloom DA, Milen MT, Heininger JC. Claudius Galen: from a 20th century genitourinary perspective. J Urol. 1999;161:12–19. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
12. Er U, Naderi S. Paulus aegineta: review of spine-related chapters in “Epitomoe medicoe libri septem” Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2013;38:692–695. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
13. Spink MS, Lewis GL. Albucasis on surgery and instruments. Great Britain: Oxford university press; 1927. pp. 438–438. [Google Scholar]
14. Alfredo Focà. Maestro Bruno da Longobucco. Reggio Calabria: Laruffa Editore; 2004. [Google Scholar]
15. Leonard D. Rosenman, Mario TabanelliThe surgery of Bruno da Longoburgo: an Italian surgeon of the thirteenth century. Dorrance Pub.; 2003. [Google Scholar]
16. Porzionato A, Macchi V, Stecco C, Parenti A, De Caro R. The anatomical school of Padua. Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2012;295:902–916. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
17. Shen JT, Weinstein M, Beekley A, Yeo C, Cowan S. Ambroise Paré (1510 to 1590): a surgeon centuries ahead of his time. Am Surg. 2014;80:536–538. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
18. Tubbs RS, Groat C, Loukas M, Shoja MM, Ardalan MR, Cohen-Gadol AA. Pierre Dionis (1643-1718): surgeon and anatomist. Singapore Med J. 2009;50:447–449. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
19. Pierre Dionis. Dionis M. Cours d'operation de Chirurgie démonstrées au Jardin Royal. Cinquieme Edition. 1765. pp. 379–380. 1765 Avec Approbations et. Privilege du Roi. [Google Scholar]
20. Doganay E. Sir Astley Paston Cooper (1768-1841): The man and his personality. J Med Biogr. 2015;23:209–216. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
21. Rawling EG. Sir Astley Paston Cooper, 1768-1841: “the prince of surgery” Can Med Assoc J. 1968;99:221–225. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
22. Lydston G.F. Varicocele and its treatment. WT Keener Ed.; Chicago: 1892. [Google Scholar]
23. Vidal de Cassis, Auguste Theodor Tratado de la curación radical del varicocele/por Augusto Vidal (De Cassis) Madrid: Oficinas y Establecimiento Tipográfico del Semanario Pintoresco Español y de la Ilustración; 1851. [Google Scholar]
24. De Varicocele. Dissertatio Inauguralis Medica Quam Consensu Et Auctoritate Gratiosi Medicorum Ordinis In Alma Literarum Universitate Friderica Guilelma Ut Summi In Medicina Et Chirurgia Honores Rite Sibi Tribuantur Die XXII. M. Augusti A. MDCCCLI. H. L. Q. S. Publice Defendet Auctor Aemilius Stachelscxseib Guestphalus. Opponentibus: F. Fonck, Med Et Chir. Dr. G. Sarrazin, Med. Et Chiv. Dr. H. Martin, Jur Stud. Berolini, Typis Fratrum Schlesinger. 1851. [Google Scholar]
25. Glicenstein J. Pioneers and martyrs: Delpech, Guinard, Pozzi. Ann Chir Plast Esthet. 2009;54:171–175. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
26. The London Medical Gazette. Vol. 11. Printed for Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans London; 1832. pp. 223–223. [Google Scholar]
27. Nöske HD, Weidner W. Varicocele--a historical perspective. World J Urol. 1999;17:151–157. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
28. Bassini E. Sulla cura radicale dell'ernia inguinale. Arch. Soc. Ital Chir. 1887;4:380–388. [Google Scholar]
29. Narath A. Zur Radical operation der Varikocele. Wien Klin Wochenschrift. 1900;13:73–79. [Google Scholar]
30. González R. Proposal for describing procedures to correct varicocele. A new terminology. Front Pediatr. 2014;2:47–47. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
31. Palomo A. Radical cure of varicocele by a new technique; preliminary report. J Urol. 1949;61:604–607. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
32. Ivanissevich O. Left varicocele due to reflux; experience with 4,470 operative cases in forty-two years. J Int Coll Surg. 1960;34:742–755. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
33. Bernardi R. Ivanissevich's anatomical concept of the cure of varicocele: some modifications in its technique. BolInst Clin Quir. 1941;13:521–521. [Google Scholar]
34. Barroso U, Jr, Andrade DM, Novaes H, JM, Netto, Andrade J. Surgical treatment of varicocele in children with open and laparoscopic Palomo technique: a systematic review of the literature. J Urol. 2009;181:2724–2728. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
35. Marte A, Pintozzi L, Cavaiuolo S, Parmeggiani P. Laparoscopic Palomo varicocelectomy. Afr J Paediatr Surg. 2015;12:102–102. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
36. Barwell R. One hundred cases of varicocele treated by the subcutaneous wire loop. Lancet. 1885;1:978–980. [Google Scholar]
37. Bennett WH. Varicocele, particularly with reference to its radical cure. Lancet. 1889;1:261–268. [Google Scholar]
38. Macomber D, Sanders MB. The spermatozoa count: Its value in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of sterility. N Engl J Med. 1929;200:981–984. [Google Scholar]
39. Tulloch WS. A consideration of sterility factors in the light of subsequente pregnancies. II. Sub fertility in the male. (Tr. Edinburgh Obst. Soc. Session 104) Edinb Med J. 1951-1952;59:29–34. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
40. Robb WA. Operative treatment of varicocele. Br Med J. 1955;2:355–356. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
41. Comhaire F, Kunnen M. Selective retrograde venography of the internal spermatic vein: a conclusive approach to the diagnosis of varicocele. Andrologia. 1976;8:11–24. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
42. Lima SS, Castro MP, Costa OF. A new method for the treatment of varicocele. Andrologia. 1978;10:103–106. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
43. White RI, Jr, Kaufman SL, Barth KH, Kadir S, Smyth JW, Walsh PC. Occlusion of varicoceles wih detachable balloons. Radiology. 1981;139:327–334. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
44. Tauber R, Weizert P, Pfeifer KJ, Huber R. Die antegrade Sklerosierung der Vena Spermatica zur Therapie der Varikozele. Eine randomisierte, kontrollierte, prospektive Studie Verhandlungs ber Dtsch Ges Urol. 1988;40:239–240. [Google Scholar]
45. Tauber R, Pfeiffer D. Surgical atlas varicocele: Antegrade scrotal sclerotherapy. BJU Int. 2006;98:1333–1344. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
46. Ishigami K, Yoshida Y, Hirooka M, Mohri K. A new operation for varicocele: use of microvascular anastomosis. Surgery. 1970;67:620–623. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
47. Fox U, Romagnoli G, Colombo F. The microsurgical drainage of the varicocele. Fertil Steril. 1984;41:475–478. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
48. Belgrano E, Puppo P, Quattrini S, Trombetta C, Pittaluga P. Microsurgical spermaticoepigastric anastomosis for treatment of varicocele. Microsurgery. 1984;5:44–49. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
49. Howards SS. Varicocele. Fertil Steril. 1984;41:356–358. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
50. Wosnitzer M, Roth JA. Optical magnification and Doppler ultrasound probe for varicocelectomy. Urology. 1983;22:24–26. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
51. Dubin L, Amelar RD. Varicocelectomy: 986 cases in a twelve-year study. Urology. 1977;10:446–449. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
52. Marmar JL, DeBenedictis TJ, Praiss D. The management of varicoceles by microdissection of the spermatic cord at the external inguinal ring. Fertil Steril. 1985;43:583–588. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
53. Marmar JL, Kim Y. Subinguinal microsurgical varicocelectomy: a technical critique and statistical analysis of semen and pregnancy data. J Urol. 1994;152:1127–1132. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
54. Goldstein M, Gilbert BR, Dicker AP, Dwosh J, Gnecco C. Microsurgical inguinal varicocelectomy with delivery of the testis: an artery and lymphatic sparing technique. J Urol. 1992;148:1808–1811. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
55. Ramasamy R, Schlegel PN. Microsurgical inguinal varicocelectomy with and without testicular delivery. Urology. 2006;68:1323–1326. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
56. Cayan S, Shavakhabov S, Kadioglu A. Treatment of palpable varicocele in infertile men: a meta-analysis to define the best technique. J Androl. 2009;30:33–40. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
57. Diegidio P, Jhaveri JK, Ghannam S, Pinkhasov R, Shabsigh R, Fisch H. Review of current varicocelectomy techniques and their outcomes. BJU Int. 2011;108:1157–1172. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
58. Schulster ML, Cohn MR, Najari BB, Goldstein M. Microsurgically Assisted Inguinal Hernia Repair and Simultaneous Male Fertility Procedures: Rationale, Technique and Outcomes. J Urol. 2017;198:1168–1174. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
59. Mouret P. How I developed laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 1996;25:744–747. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
60. Aaberg RA, Vancaillie TG, Schuessler WW. Laparoscopic varicocele ligation: a new technique. Fertil Steril. 1991;56:776–777. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
61. Hagood PG, Mehan DJ, Worischeck JH, Andrus CH, Parra RO. Laparoscopic varicocelectomy: preliminary report of a new technique. J Urol. 1992;147:73–76. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
62. Donovan JF, Winfield HN. Laparoscopic varix ligation. J Urol. 1992;147:77–81. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
63. Esposito C, Iaquinto M, Escolino M, Cortese G, De Pascale T, Chiarenza F, et al. Technical standardization of laparoscopic lymphatic sparing varicocelectomy in children using isosulfan blue. J Pediatr Surg. 2014;49:660–663. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
64. Kaouk JH, Palmer JS. Single-port laparoscopic surgery: initial experience in children for varicocelectomy. BJU Int. 2008;102:97–99. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
65. Marte A, Pintozzi L, Cavaiuolo S, Parmeggiani P. Singleincision laparoscopic surgery and conventional laparoscopic treatment of varicocele in adolescents: Comparison between two techniques. Afr J Paediatr Surg. 2014;11:201–205. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
66. Valla JS. One-port Retroperitoneoscopic Varicocelectomy in Children and Adolescents. In: Bax K, Georgeson EK, Rothenberg SS, Valla JS, Yeung CK, editors. Endoscopic Surgery in Infants and Children. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag; 2008. pp. 765–769. [Google Scholar]
67. Corcione F, Esposito C, Cuccurullo D, Settembre A, Miranda N, Amato F, et al. Advantages and limits of robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery: preliminary experience. Surg Endosc. 2005;19:117–119. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
68. Shu T, Taghechian S, Wang R. Initial experience with robot-assisted varicocelectomy. Asian J Androl. 2008;10:146–148. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
69. Hidalgo-Tamola J, Sorensen MD, Bice JB, Lendvay TS. Pediatric robot-assisted laparoscopic varicocelectomy. J Endourol. 2009;23:1297–1300. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
70. Miyaoka R, Esteves SC. A critical appraisal on the role of varicocele in male infertility. Adv Urol. 2012;2012:597495–597495. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
71. Marmar JL. The evolution and refinements of varicocele surgery. Asian J Androl. 2016;18:171–178. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
72. Tiseo BC, Esteves SC, Cocuzza MS. Summary evidence on the effects of varicocele treatment to improve natural fertility in subfertile men. Asian J Androl. 2016;18:239–245. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]