原则
小脑解剖学的比较简单性和规律性导致了早期的希望,它可能意味着计算功能的类似简单性,正如在小脑电生理学的第一本书中所表达的那样,作为神经元机器的小脑由John C. Eccles,Masao表达。 Ito和JánosSzentágothai。[35]虽然对小脑功能的充分理解仍然难以捉摸,但至少有四个原则被认为是重要的:(1)前馈处理,(2)分歧和收敛,(3)模块化,以及(4)可塑性。
直到文艺复兴时期才有进一步的重大发展。 Vesalius简要地讨论了小脑,并且在1664年托马斯·威利斯更详细地描述了解剖学。在18世纪进行了更多的解剖学工作,但直到19世纪早期才开始对小脑功能的第一次见解是获得。 Luigi Rolando于1809年确立了一项重要发现,即对小脑的损伤会导致运动障碍。 Jean Pierre Flourens在19世纪上半叶进行了详细的实验工作,揭示了小脑损伤的动物仍然可以移动,但失去协调(奇怪的动作,笨拙的步态和肌肉无力),以及之后的恢复除非病变非常广泛,否则病变几乎可以完成。[86]到20世纪初,人们普遍认为小脑的主要功能与运动控制有关; 20世纪上半叶对人类小脑疾病的临床症状进行了几次详细描述。[3]
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