发展
视网膜发育始于SHH和SIX3蛋白介导的眼球的建立,随后由PAX6和LHX2蛋白调节视神经囊泡的发展[29]。 Walter Gehring及其同事优雅地证明了Pax6在眼睛发育中的作用,他们表明,Pax6的异位表达可导致果蝇触角,翅膀和腿上的眼睛形成。[30]视神经囊泡产生三种结构:神经视网膜,视网膜色素上皮和视杆。神经视网膜含有视网膜祖细胞(RPC),其产生视网膜的七种细胞类型。分化从视网膜神经节细胞开始,最后产生Muller神经胶质细胞。尽管每种细胞类型都按顺序区分RPC,但各种细胞类型的分化时间存在相当大的重叠。[29]确定RPC子细胞命运的线索由多个转录因子家族编码,包括bHLH和同源域因子。[31]
另见
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