头三个月
全血细胞计数(CBC)
血型
用于HDN的一般抗体筛选(间接Coombs测试)
Rh D阴性产前患者应在28周时接受RhoGam以预防Rh疾病。
快速血浆反应素(RPR)筛查梅毒
风疹抗体筛选
乙型肝炎表面抗原
淋病和衣原体培养
PPD用于结核病
巴氏涂片
尿液分析和培养
艾滋病筛查
唐氏综合征(21三体)和18三体(美国国家标准)的遗传筛查正在迅速发展远离唐氏综合症的AFP-Quad筛查,通常在妊娠中期16-18周进行。较新的综合屏幕(以前称为FASTER for First and Second Trimester Early Results)可在10周以上至13周以上进行胎儿颈部超声检查(较厚的颈部皮肤与唐氏综合症存在的风险较高相关)和2化学品(分析物)PAPP-A和βHCG(妊娠激素水平本身)。它很早就提供了准确的风险状况。 15到20周的第二次血液筛查可以更准确地提高风险。由于超声和第二次血液检测,成本高于“AFP-quad”屏幕,但引用率为93%,而标准AFP / QS为88%。这是美国不断发展的护理标准。
另见
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Obstetrics.
Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Obstetrics.
Henry Jacques Garrigues, who introduced antiseptic obstetrics to North America
Maternal-fetal medicine
Obstetrical nursing
Obstetric ultrasonography
Postpartum period, also post-natal period or puerperum, the time after giving birth
Obstetrical complications
参考
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