捕食者,寄生虫和疾病
蝙蝠会受到猫头鹰,鹰和猎鹰等猛禽的捕食,并且会受到诸如猫等能够爬升的陆地掠食者的栖息。[158]已知有20种热带新大陆蛇捕获蝙蝠,它们通常在洞穴等避难所的入口处等待蝙蝠飞过。[159] J. Rydell和J. R. Speakman认为,蝙蝠在始新世中期和早期演化为夜行性,以避免掠食者。[158]到目前为止,一些动物学家认为该证据是模棱两可的。[160]
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