大量基于人群的研究表明,常规的胆道造影术与较低的胆管损伤率相关[6-9],而其他人则认为常规的胆道造影术是不必要的,并且会导致额外的费用和额外的程序[10,11]。 对40项研究的荟萃分析显示,常规使用IOC,术中胆总管(CBD)损伤的发生率为0.21%,而选择性使用为0.43%。此外,在初次手术时立即诊断出这些损伤的比例为87%对45%。瑞典最近进行的一项大型住院研究对152,776名患者进行了研究,结果表明,进行了胆道造影的外科医生胆管损伤的发生率较低。这是否代表对解剖学的了解或对普通导管探索技能的了解尚不清楚。最近,在一项对856位连续患者进行的常规胆道造影前后的比较研究中,主要胆管损伤发生率从1.9%降至0%(p = 0.004,n = 435常规IOC vs n = 421选择性IOC)。
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